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Types of Anxiety Disorders Anxiety disorders are diagnosed when anxiety or fear are excessive, persistent and interfere with your daily routine. Psychotherapy or talk therapy and medication are effective treatments. First, talk to your doctor to rule any physical conditions out that could be causing symptoms. A psychiatrist or mental health specialist will diagnose the type anxiety disorder that you have. Generalized anxiety disorder Everyone is anxious every now and then There are legitimate reasons to worry about issues like work responsibilities, health or money. When the worry becomes constant and consumes your life, it may be a more serious anxiety disorder known as generalized anxiety disorder. GAD is characterised by fear and anxiety that can affect the whole life of a person. They are prone to believe that everything is worst and believe that minor issues can become major problems. GAD can affect anyone. It usually starts in adolescence or childhood, but can occur at any point. It is twice as prevalent for women and those who are assigned to females at birth as men. GAD can cause physical symptoms, like headaches and stomachaches, and make it difficult to sleep. It can also interfere with social and work activities, cause people to withdraw from family or friends and cause a loss of self-esteem. People suffering from severe, chronic GAD are at greater risk of developing depression. However, treatment can help manage the two disorders. Although the exact cause is not known, it appears that anxiety disorders are linked to genetics and changes in brain structures that alter the body's response to stress. Some experts believe that an imbalance of neurotransmitters in the brain is involved in the cause. GAD is not curable, however it can be controlled by psychotherapy (talk-therapy) and medications. Psychotherapy or talk therapy comprises various treatments that help you identify and change negative thoughts, emotions and behavior. Cognitive behavior therapy is a kind of therapy that can help you manage your distorted thoughts and reduce your fear by confronting them. Certain physical symptoms like heart palpitations or dizziness can be alleviated by medication. They include antidepressants, benzodiazepines as well as some medicines used to treat seizures, such as hydroxyzine. GAD is a difficult condition to recognize however, you should seek treatment in the event that your anxiety or other symptoms of the disorder are evident. Early treatment is more effective since it lets you manage your physical and emotional symptoms before they become a major part of your life. Panic disorder The anxiety disorder is characterized by sudden, intense sensations of fear and terror (panic attacks) which peak within minutes. The disorder can also trigger chest pain, shortness breath or the sensation that your heart is racing or pounding (heart palpitations). They are often concerned that their symptoms are signs of an attack on their heart. People with panic disorder may be at risk of developing other anxiety disorders, such as depression and other health issues like hyperthyroidism or asthma. The root cause of anxiety disorders isn't well understood, but researchers believe that they arise from a mix of factors. Certain studies suggest that they may be linked to the malfunctioning of circuits in our brain that regulate the emotions and fear. Other studies suggest that genetics, life experiences such as childhood abuse or traumatizing events are typical causes of anxiety disorder. Many people suffering from anxiety disorders have a first degree relative who has the condition. Anxiety disorders can cause people to feel constantly stressed, even when they realize their fears aren't rational. This can lead to difficulty when it comes to social situations, work or at school. Certain people suffering from anxiety disorders are also unable to sleep or eating well. They may also experience tension in their muscles, irritability and difficulty concentrating. A person suffering from generalized anxious disorder may worry about a myriad of daily tasks such as work responsibilities and family issues. They're also likely to feel tired or irritable as well as having trouble concentrating. They frequently worry about their safety or that of others. There are effective treatments available for anxiety disorders. Treatments include psychotherapy, medicine and complementary health methods. A mental health professional can help you identify which disorder is causing your symptoms and recommend the right treatment. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy can help you understand how to manage your anxiety and reduce the number of panic attacks you have. There are many types of psychotherapy that include cognitive behavior therapy and exposure reaction preventative. These therapies can be done in groups or individually. Social anxiety disorder Social anxiety disorder is a severe condition that can hinder everyday life. It causes intense anxiety, fear and avoidance of social situations. It typically begins in childhood, but can also appear in early adulthood. It often shows up as anxiety over specific social situations, like talking in class or going out on a date, or it could be more generalized, and include the avoidance of situations that could result in being considered unpopular by others. Although the person suffering from SAD recognizes that their fear is irrational, they still feel helpless to overcome it. They try to manage the symptoms by avoiding situations that cause anxiety, but this makes them even more anxious. They might also develop “safety behavior” to ease their anxiety. For instance they may drink alcohol, remain silent, or avoid eye contact. Some people with SAD may benefit from medication in addition to psychotherapy. These drugs, also referred to as antidepressants, may help balance the levels of certain neurotransmitters in the brain. Some examples of these medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). It is crucial that you or someone you love receives treatment if they suffer from social anxiety disorder. The disorder can be life-threatening if left untreated and can cause mental health issues like depression and addiction to substances. If you or someone you know is experiencing suicidal thoughts, dial 911 or your local crisis line, or text TALK to 741741 and talk with an experienced crisis counselor. Anxiety disorders can be treated however, only 1 of 4 people who require treatment receive it. Treatment is impeded by an absence of awareness of anxiety disorders, the lack of funding for mental health services and stigma. It is also essential to make sure that your healthcare provider is aware of the different kinds of anxiety disorders to ensure that you will be treated and diagnosed appropriately. If you're unsure if you have an anxiety disorder consult your physician to refer you to a mental health professional or make use of an online tool to screen. Specific fears A person who has a specific phobia has a persistent and intense fear of one or more things, situations, animals or other people. treatments for anxiety disorders are often not proportional to the risk that the object or event presents, but they may cause distress and hinder daily functioning. Specific phobias differ from other anxiety disorders due to the fact that they involve anxiety about a single stimulus, instead of multiple stimuli. The feared situation or object can be anything, from dogs to heights or flying, injections to flying and areas that are crowded. This is a common occurrence most often in men than women, and tends to begin in childhood or early adolescence. Certain phobias aren't irrational fears, but the fear remains real. Children with specific fears usually overcome them. However in the event that the fear persists as an adult it may be difficult to treat. Doctors diagnose the disorder by looking at symptoms and their impact on daily functioning. They rule out other conditions that may be similar like agoraphobia and social anxiety disorder, before diagnosing a fear. In earlier editions of DSM adult patients were required to acknowledge their irrational fears as part of the diagnostic process. However, the 2013 edition states that this requirement is no longer necessary for adults. Treatment options for specific phobias are cognitive behavioral therapy and exposure-based therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy is primarily focused on teaching people better strategies for coping and altering their reactions to fear. Exposure-based therapy involves gradual and systematic exposure to the feared object or circumstance. A patient may start with thinking about the object or circumstance, then move on to looking at photos of the subject. They may then take steps towards it (such as walking through an elevator), holding the toy snake, taking it to a zoo and looking at real snakes, and then being in a noisy elevator. This type of therapy may not be able to eliminate a fear, but it may reduce its intensity. Psychotherapy and medication such as antidepressants or anti-anxiety drugs are also options to treat specific phobias. These treatments are frequently considered to be effective by people with specific phobias.